2023年21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇（2023年）

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力1　　1.Asyoulistentothepassage,fillinasmuchinformationasyoucanaboutAnnettesp下面是小编为大家整理的2023年21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇（2023年）,供大家参考。

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力1

　　1. As you listen to the passage, fill in as much information as you can about Annette"s plans.

　　Friday evening:

　　During the coming month:

　　Next term:

　　In the fall:

　　Next spring:

　　2. How did you feel while you were listening to Annette? What was it like trying to keep up with her? How do students like Annette make you feel?

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力2

　　William Zinsser

　　I am master of Branford College at Yale. I live on the campus and know the students well. (We have 485 of them.) I listen to their hopes and fears — and also to their stereo music and their piercing cries in the dead of night ("Does anybody care?"). They come to me to ask how to get through the rest of their lives.

　　Mainly I try to remind them that the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think. There will be plenty of time to change jobs, change careers, change whole attitudes and approaches. They don"t want to hear such news. They want a map — right now — that they can follow directly to career security, financial security, social security and, presumably, a prepaid grave.

　　What I wish for all students is some release from the grim grip of the future. I wish them a chance to enjoy each segment of their education as an experience in itself and not as a tiresome requirement in preparation for the next step. I wish them the right to experiment, to trip and fall, to learn that defeat is as educational as victory and is not the end of the world.

　　My wish, of course, is naive. One of the few rights that America does not proclaim is the right to fail. Achievement is the national god, worshipped in our media — the million-dollar athlete, the wealthy executive — and glorified in our praise of possessions. In the presence of such a potent state religion, the young are growing up old.

　　I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, and self-induced pressure. It"s easy to look around for bad guys — to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the professors for assigning too much work, the parents for pushing their children too far, the students for driving themselves too hard. But there are no bad guys, only victims.

　　Today it is not unusual for a student, even one who works part time at college and full time during the summer, to have accumulated $5,000 in loans after four years — loans that the student must start to repay within one year after graduation (and incidentally, not all these loans are low-interest, as many non-students believe). Encouraged at the commencement ceremony to go forth into the world, students are already behind as they go forth. How can they not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning? Women at Yale are under even more pressure than men to justify their expensive education to themselves, their parents, and society. For although they leave college superbly equipped to bring fresh leadership to traditionally male jobs, society hasn"t yet caught up with this fact.

　　Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are dee* intertwined. I see students taking premedical courses with joyless determination. They go off to their labs as if they were going to the dentist. It saddens me because I know them in other corners of their life as cheerful people.

　　"Do you want to go to medical school?" I ask them.

　　"I guess so," they say, without conviction, or, "Not really."

　　"Then why are you going?"

　　"My parents want me to be a doctor. They"re paying all this money and..."

　　Peer pressure and self-induced pressure are also intertwined, and they begin from the very start of freshman year. "I had a freshman student I"ll call Linda," one instructor told me, "who came in and said she was under terrible pressure because her roommate, Barbara, was much brighter and studied all the time. I couldn"t tell her that Barbara had come in two hours earlier to say the same thing about Linda."

　　The story is almost funny — except that it"s not. It"s a symptom of all the pressures put together. When every student thinks every other student is working harder and doing better, the only solution is to study harder still. I see students going off to the library every night after dinner and coming back when it closes at midnight. I wish they could sometimes forget about their peers and go to a movie. I hear the rattling of typewriters in the hours before dawn. I see the tension in their eyes when exams are approaching and papers are due: "Will I get everything done?"

　　Probably they won"t. They will get sick. They will sleep. They will oversleep. They will bug out.

　　I"ve painted too grim a portrait of today"s students, making them seem too solemn. That"s only half of their story; the other half is that these students are nice people, and easy to like. They"re quick to laugh and to offer friendship. They"re more considerate of one another than any student generation I"ve ever known. If I"ve described them primarily as driven creatures who largely ignore the joyful side of life, it"s because that"s where the problem is — not only at Yale but throughout American education. It"s why I think we should all be worried about the values that are nurturing a generation so fearful of risk and so goal-obsessed at such an early age.

　　I tell students that there is no one "right" way to get ahead — that each of them is a different person, starting from a different point and bound for a different destination. I tell them that change is healthy and that people don"t have to fit into pre-arranged slots. One of my ways of telling them is to invite men and women who have achieved success outside the academic world to come and talk informally with my students during the year. I invite heads of companies, editors of magazines, politicians, Broadway producers, artists, writers, economists, photographers, scientists, historians — a mixed bag of achievers.

　　I ask them to say a few words about how they got started. The students always assume that they started in their present profession and knew all along that it was what they wanted to do. But in fact, most of them got where they are by a circuitous route, after many side trips. The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not preplanned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to lead them down some unforeseen trail.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力3

　　campus

　　n. the grounds of a university, college or school; a university 大学校园，学校校园;大学

　　piercing

　　a. (of voices, sounds, etc.) very sharp, esp. in an unpleasant way (声音等)尖厉的，刺耳的

　　pierce

　　vi. make a hole in or through (sth.) with a sharp point 刺穿，戳穿

　　presumably

　　ad. it may be supposed; probably 假定;可能

　　* presume

　　v. believe sth. to be true without direct proof but with some feeling of being certain; suppose (没有根据地)相信;推测

　　grave

　　n. the place where a dead person is buried 坟墓

　　a. serious or solemn in manner; (of a situation) serious and worrying 严肃的，庄严的;(形势)严重的.

　　gravity

　　n. 1. 严肃，庄严;严重

　　2. 重力;地心引力

　　grip

　　n. a firm hold; control 紧握;控制

　　vt. 1. take a very tight hold (of) 握紧，紧握

　　2. take hold of the attention or feelings of 吸引;引起

　　* segment

　　n. a part of sth. 部分

　　preparation

　　n. arrangement for a future event 准备

　　wealthy

　　a. rich 富有的

　　glorify

　　vt. praise highly 颂扬，赞颂

　　glory

　　n. great fame, honor, and admiration 光荣;荣誉

　　potent

　　a. powerful, strong, forceful or effective 强有力的;有权势的;有效力的

　　self-induced

　　caused or brought about by oneself 自己导致的

　　* induce

　　vt. lead or cause (sb.) to do sth.; persuade or influence (sb.) to do sth. 导致;劝使，诱导

　　* incidentally

　　ad. by the way 顺便说一句

　　commencement

　　n. 1. (AmE) a ceremony at which university or college students are given their degrees or diplomas (美)毕业典礼;学位授予典礼

　　2. beginning of sth. 开始

　　commence

　　v. begin; start 开始;着手

　　ceremony

　　n. 典礼，仪式

　　commencement ceremony

　　(AmE) a college or university graduation ceremony (美)毕业典礼

　　reckoning

　　n. settlement of an account or a bill; (fig.) punishment 结帐;(喻)算帐，惩罚

　　reckon

　　vt. 1. calculate; add up (an amount, cost, etc.) 计算;算出(数量、费用等)

　　2. consider, regard 认为，把…看作

　　day of reckoning

　　(a Biblical reference) the time when one must eventually be punished for what one has done wrong (源自《圣经》)清算日，最后审判日

　　equip

　　vt. prepare (sb.) for dealing with a particular situation by providing necessary tools, education, etc.; su* (sb./ sth. with what is needed for a particular purpose) (智力、体力上)使有准备;配备，装备

　　inevitably

　　ad. 不可必免地;必然发生地

　　inevitable

　　a. which cannot be avoided or prevented from happening; certain to happen 不可避免的;必然发生的

　　intertwined

　　a. joined tightly together; very closely connected 互相缠结的，缠绕在一起的

　　premedical

　　a. preparing for the study of medicine 医学预科的

　　* dentist

　　n. a doctor trained to take care of people"s teeth 牙医

　　cheerful

　　a. in good spirit; causing a happy feeling 兴高采烈的;使人愉快的

　　conviction

　　n. a firm opinion or belief 深信，确信;把握

　　roommate

　　n. 住在同室的人，室友

　　typewriter

　　n. 打字机

　　* bug

　　vt. 1. (AmE) (infml) trouble (sb.) continually (美俚)烦扰，纠缠

　　2. (infml) fit with a secret listening apparatus (口)在…装qie听器

　　n. (AmE) a tiny insect, esp. one that causes damage; (infml) a fault or difficulty (美)虫子;(口)故障;毛病

　　considerate

　　a. careful not to hurt or trouble others; thoughtful 考虑周到的;替人着想的

　　fearful

　　a. afraid, anxious 惧怕的，忧虑的

　　goal-obsessed

　　a. extremely eager to realize one"s goals 一心要实现目标的

　　pre-arranged

　　a. planned or prepared in advance 预先准备好的

　　arrange

　　vt. 1. plan in advance; prepare 安排，准备

　　2. set in good or pleasing order 整理;排列

　　* slot

　　n. 1. a place or position in a schedule, list or series (口)(在机构、名单、程序等中的)位置，职位

　　2. a narrow opening in a tool or machine 狭长孔;狭槽

　　informally

　　ad. 非正式地;不拘礼节地

　　economist

　　n. an expert in economics 经济学家

　　a mixed bag

　　a group of people or things of different kinds and different qualities (人或物的)混合体;大杂烩

　　circuitous

　　a. indirect 迂回的，绕行的

　　circuit

　　n. 1. 环行;环行道

　　2. 电路;线路

　　circular

　　a. 1. 环行的，圆形的

　　2. 循环的

　　trail

　　n. a path, often through a forest or across rough ground (荒野中的)小径，小道

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力4

　　in the dead of night

　　in the quietest part of the night 夜深人静之时

　　get through

　　complete successfully; manage to live through (a difficult experience or period of time) 完成;消磨，度过(时间)

　　right now

　　immediately; at this moment 立刻，马上

　　in itself

　　considered as a complete thing or experience, without thinking of effects, consequences, etc. 本身，实质上

　　in the presence of sb.

　　in the place where sb. is; with sb. there 在某人面前，当着某人的面

　　work on

　　affect; influence 对…起作用;影响

　　go forth (into)

　　set out 出发

　　under pressure

　　influenced by need or necessity; suffering stress 被催逼;在压力下

　　put together

　　(used after a noun or nouns referring to a group of people or things) combined; in total 合在一起

　　bug out

　　(AmE sl.) become mentally unbalanced (美俚)烦恼，困惑

　　be considerate of/to/toward sb.

　　pay attention to sb. "s needs, wishes, or feelings 替某人着想，体贴某人

　　be fearful of

　　be afraid of 惧怕

　　be bound for

　　intending to go to; going to 准备到…去;开往

　　fit into

　　be the right size or shape for; be suitable for 与…相符，与…相适应

　　all along

　　all the time; from the beginning 一直，始终;从一开始就

　　conceive of

　　think of 构想出;设想

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇扩展阅读

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇（扩展1）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit7课文讲解60篇

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit7课文讲解1

　　so-so

　　a.& ad.(infml) neither very bad(ly) nor very good/well 不好也不坏的(地)

　　mom

　　n. (美口)妈妈

　　incompetence

　　n. the lack of skill or ability to do a task successfully 不胜任，不称职

　　* competence

　　n. skill or ability to do a task successfully 能力;称职

　　boring

　　a. dull and uninteresting 乏味的;令人厌倦的

　　leisure

　　n. time free from work or other duties; spare time 闲暇

　　gym

　　n. (infml) (=gymnasium) a room or hall with apparatus for physical exercise 体操馆;健身房

　　gym shoe

　　n. 体操鞋，球鞋

　　sole

　　n. the bottom part of a shoe or sock 鞋底;袜底

　　a. being the only one; belonging to one and no others 唯一的;独占的

　　enthusiast

　　n. a person who is very interested in sth. 热衷于…的人

　　squeeze

　　vt. 1. force or press (sb. or sth. into a small space) 硬塞，硬挤

　　2. press firmly from two sides 挤压，榨

　　n. 1. an act of pressing in from two sides 挤压，榨

　　2. tight economic circumstances 经济困难;拮据

　　tights

　　n. [复]女用(连)*

　　leg warmers

　　n. [复]暖腿套

　　warm-up

　　n. an act or a period of preparation for physical exercise, a performance, etc. 准备活动;准备练习

　　* overhear

　　vt. hear (sb., a conversation, etc.) without the knowledge of the speaker(s); hear by chance 偷听到;无意中听到

　　goal kick

　　n. 球门球

　　* slaughter

　　vt. 1. kill (an animal), esp. for food; kill (people or animals) violently and in large numbers 屠宰;屠杀

　　2. (infml) defeat (sb.) badly in sports or games (口)使惨败

　　wreck

　　n. 1. (usu. sing) (infml) a person whose health, esp. mental health, has been seriously damaged 受到严重损害的人

　　2. a ship lost at sea; a plane, car, etc. which is badly damaged in an accident 遇难船只;失事飞机等的残骸

　　vt. cause (a ship) to be destroyed; (fig.) destroy, ruin 造成(船舶等)失事;(喻)破坏

　　orchestra

　　n. a (usu. large) group of people playing various musical instruments together 管弦乐队

　　limit

　　n. (oft. pl.) the greatest extent of sth. that is possible or allowed 限度;范围

　　vt. keep within a certain size, amount, number, area, or place; restrict 限制;限定

　　limited

　　a. small in amount, power and not able to increase 有限的

　　tidy

　　vt. make (sb. or sth.) neat or in order 使整洁，使整齐

　　a. neat and in order; liking things to be neatly arranged 整洁的;爱整洁的

　　* recreation

　　n. an activity done for enjoyment when one is not working 消遣，娱乐

　　self-improvement

　　n. improvement of one"s character, mind, etc., by one"s own efforts 自我改进，自我修养

　　grimly

　　ad. in a determined manner 坚定地;不屈地

　　* insane

　　a. 1. 精神病患者的;为疯人而设的

　　2. (of people or their acts) mad (患)精神病的;精神失常的

　　asylum

　　n. 收容所;精神病院

　　insane asylum

　　n. a mental hospital 精神病院

　　sanity

　　n. the state of having a normal healthy mind; the state of being sensible or reasonable; good sound judgement 神智健全;清醒，明智

　　opera

　　n. 歌剧

　　peculiar-looking

　　a. 奇形怪状的

　　peculiar

　　a. 1. odd, strange 奇特的，古怪的

　　2. (to) belonging, relating only (to a particular person, place or time) 独有的，特有的

　　clay

　　n. 黏土

　　homemade

　　a. made at home, rather than in a shop or factory 家制的;做得简单粗糙的

　　discourage

　　vt. take away (sb."s) confidence or (sb."s) hope of doing sth. 使泄气，使灰心

　　* stumble

　　vi. 1. walk in a clumsy way 跌跌撞撞地走

　　2. speak or perform with many mistakes or hesitations 结结巴巴地说话

　　gracelessly

　　ad. not attractively or elegantly; in a clumsy manner 不优美地，笨拙地

　　grace

　　n. 1. elegance in movement or behaviour 优美;风度

　　2. kindness; willingness to do what is right 善意;体谅

　　graceful

　　a. 1. (of movement or shape) attractive to see 优美的"

　　2. (of a speech or feeling) suitably and pleasantly expressed 优雅的;得体的

　　* gracious

　　a. polite, kind and pleasant, esp. to people of a lower social position 亲切的，和蔼的

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit7课文讲解2

　　tone up

　　make (one"s body) stronger, fitter, etc. 使更强壮，使更健康

　　pull on

　　put (sth.) on by pulling 穿上，戴上

　　a big deal

　　sth. important 了不起的事，大事

　　take up

　　start to learn or practice (a hobby) 开始从事

　　in good shape

　　in good condition 处于良好状况

　　be committed to

　　care a lot about (a cause, one"s job. etc.); be loyal to (a particular ideal) 献身于，忠诚于

　　squeeze into

　　force or press into a narrow or restricted space 硬塞进…，硬挤入…

　　as it happens

　　(used before saying sth. surprising) actually; in fact 碰巧，偶然

　　blow it

　　(俚)把这事弄得一团糟

　　keep score

　　(在比赛中)记分

　　get in the way (of sth./of -ing); get in sb."s way

　　prevent or interfere with sth.; prevent sb. from doing sth.; block sb."s progress 妨碍;挡道

　　kind of

　　(infml) somewhat; to some extent (口)有点儿;可以这么说

　　eat up

　　use (sth.) in large quantities 消耗;用完

　　have a shot at

　　(infml) attempt to do (sth.) (口)尝试;试着去做(某事)

　　put off

　　delay (doing sth.) 推迟;拖延

　　tidy up

　　make (sb./oneself/sth.) neat and orderly 整理，收拾

　　put a stop to

　　ensure that a process, habit, etc., ends and will not be repeated 制止，使停止

　　make sth. out of

　　construct, create or prepare sth. by combining materials or putting parts together 用…做出…

　　fool around

　　behave in a manner that isn"t serious; waste time; do sth. just for fun (口)闲荡，混日子

　　out of shape

　　not fit 处于不良的(健康)状况

　　in no time

　　very quickly 立刻，马上

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇（扩展2）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit2课文讲解60篇

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit2课文讲解1

　　1. There are many traditional forms of courtesy toward women — gestures like lighting their cigarettes for them or standing up when they enter a room. What others can you think of?

　　2. As you listen to the passage the first time, see if it mentions any of the polite gestures that you thought of. Then listen again for the answers to the following questions:

　　a) Where do you imagine the incident the woman describes took place?

　　b) What courtesy did she expect?

　　c) What, in the man"s view, is the basis of a lot of common courtesy?

　　3. What do you think of the woman"s argument about everyday reality? What about the man"s view of common courtesy?

　　The Titanic Puzzle Should a good feminist accept

　　priority seating on a lifeboat?

　　Charles Krauthammer

　　You"re on the Titanic II. It has just hit an iceberg and is sinking. And, as last time, there are not enough lifeboats. The captain shouts, "Women and children first!" But this time, another voice is heard: "Why women?"

　　Why, indeed? Part of the charm of the successful movie Titanic are the period costumes, the period extravagance, and the period prejudices. An audience can enjoy these at a distance. Oddly, however, of all the period attitudes in the film, the old maritime tradition of "women and children first" enjoys total acceptance by modern audiences. Listen to the audience boo at the bad guys who try to sneak on the lifeboats with — or ahead of — the ladies.

　　But is not grouping women with children a raging anachronism? Should not any self-respecting modern person, let alone feminist, object to it as insulting to women?

　　Yet its usage is as common today as it was in 1912. Consider these examples taken almost at random from recent newspapers:

　　"The invaders gunned down the Indians, most of them women and children..."

　　"As many as 200 civilians, most of them women and children, were killed..."

　　"At the massacre in Ahmici 103 Muslims, including 33 women and children, were killed..."

　　At a time when women fly combat aircraft and run multi-national corporations, how can one not wince when * women are routinely classed with children? In Ahmici, it seems, 70 * men were killed. And how many * women? Not clear. When things get serious, when blood starts to flow or ships start to sink, you"ll find them with the children.

　　Children are entitled to special consideration for two reasons: helplessness and innocence. They have not yet acquired either the faculty of reason or the wisdom of experience. Consequently, they are defenseless (incapable of fending for themselves) and blameless (incapable of real sin). That"s why we grant them special protection. In an emergency, it is our duty to save them first because they, helpless, have put their lives in our hands. And in wartime, they are supposed to be protected by special immunity because they can have threatened or offended no one.

　　The phrase "women and children" attributes to women the same dependence and moral simplicity we find in five-year-olds. Such an attitude perhaps made sense in an era dominated by male privilege. Given the disabilities attached to womanhood in 1912, it was only fair that a new standard of gender equality not suddenly be proclaimed just as lifeboat seats were being handed out. That deference — a somewhat more urgent variation on giving up your seat on the bus to a woman — complemented and perhaps to some extent compensated for the legal and social constraints placed on women at the time.

　　But in our era of extensive social restructuring to grant women equality in education, in employment, in government, in athletics, what entitles women to the privileges — and reduces them to the status — of children?

　　Evolutionary psychologists might say that ladies-to-the-lifeboats is an instinct that developed to perpetuate the species: Women are indispensable child-bearers. You can repopulate a village if the women survive and only a few of the men, but not if the men survive and only a few of the women. Women being more precious, biologically speaking, than men, evolution has conditioned us to give them the kind of life-protecting deference we give to that other seed of the future: kids.

　　The problem with this kind of logic, however, is its depressing reductionism. It"s like a serious version of the geneticist"s old joke that a chicken is just an egg"s way of making another egg. But humans are more than just egg-layers. And traditional courtesies are more than just disguised survival strategies. So why do we say "women and children"?

　　Perhaps it"s really "women for children." The most basic parental bond is maternal. Equal parenting is great, but women, from breast to cradle to reassuring hug, can nurture in ways that men cannot. And thus, because we value children, women should go second. The children need them.

　　But kiddie-centrism gets you only so far. What if there are no children on board? You are on the Titanic III, and this time it"s a singles cruise. No kids, no parents. Now: Iceberg! Lifeboats! Action!

　　Here"s my scenario. The men, out of sheer irrational heroism, should let the women go first. And the women, out of sheer feminist self-respect, should refuse.

　　Result? Stalemate. How does this movie end? How should it end? Hurry, the ship"s going down.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit2课文讲解2

　　feminist

　　n. a person who believes that women should have the same rights and opportunities as men 女权主义者

　　* feminine

　　a. of or having the qualities suitable for a woman 女性的;女子气的

　　charm

　　n. a pleasing or attractive feature or quality 魅力

　　* costume

　　n. clothes, esp. clothes from a particular place or during a particular historical period; clothes worn by actors during a film or play (一个地区、一个时期流行的)服装;戏装

　　extravagance

　　n. the use of more (of sth.) than is necessary 挥霍，奢侈

　　* extravagant

　　a. 1. wasteful of money; too costly 奢侈的;浪费的

　　2. (of ideas, behaviour, etc.) uncontrolled; beyond what is reasonable 过度的;越轨的

　　boo

　　v. show disapproval or contempt for sb./sth. by shouting "boo" (对…)发出“呸”的声音(表示嫌恶或强烈的"不满)

　　anachronism

　　n. sth. outdated or obsolete; sth. from one historical period incorrectly associated with another 过时现象;时代错误

　　usage

　　n. the way sth. is used; the way words are used in a language 用法;使用;(词的)惯用法

　　* random

　　a. done, chosen, etc. without conscious choice 胡乱的;任意的

　　* massacre

　　n. the killing of a large number of people or animals 屠杀

　　combat

　　n. a fight or fighting between two armies, etc. 战斗

　　aircraft

　　n. (pl. unchanged) a plane or other vehicle that can fly in the air 航空器，飞机

　　wince

　　vi. suddenly and briefly show pain in one"s facial expression 脸部肌肉抽搐，皱眉蹙眼

　　entitle

　　vt. 1. (to) give (sb.) a right (to have or do sth.) 给…权利;给…资格

　　2. give a title (to a book, etc.) 给(书等)题名

　　consideration

　　n. 1. careful thought and attention 考虑

　　2. (for) thoughtful attention to the wishes and feelings of others 体贴;关心

　　faculty

　　n. 1. any of the powers of the body or mind; a particular ability for doing sth. 才能;能力;天赋

　　2. all the teachers and workers of a university or college (高等院校的)全体教师及职工

　　fend

　　v. (for) look after 照料

　　protection

　　n. the action of protecting or the condition of being protected 保护，防护

　　protective

　　a. 1. that protects sb. or sth. from harm 保护的，防护的

　　2. (towards) having or showing a strong desire to protect (对人)关切保护的

　　helpless

　　a. unable to act without help; needing the help of others; unable to defend oneself 无助的;无依无靠的;不能自立的

　　immunity

　　n. 1. protection or freedom (from sth.) 受保护;豁免(权)

　　2. ability to resist infection, disease, etc. 免疫力

　　threaten

　　vt. 1. make a threat against (sb.) 威胁，恐吓

　　2. give a warning (of sth. bad) 预示

　　male

　　a. & n.男子(的);雄性(的)

　　privilege

　　n. a special right or advantage available only to a particular person or group of people 特权;优惠

　　given

　　prep.考虑到

　　a. 1. 规定的;特定的

　　2. 假设的;已知的

　　* attach

　　vt. (to) 1. consider that sb. has (a certain quality) 认为有;使与…相关联

　　2. fasten or join 系;贴;连接

　　womanhood

　　n. women in general; the state of being a woman (总称)妇女;女子的身份或状态

　　* gender

　　n. 1. (生理上的)性

　　2. (名词、代词等的)性

　　equality

　　n. the state of being equal, esp. in status, rights, etc. *等

　　deference

　　n. respect 尊敬，敬重

　　urgent

　　a. requiring immediate attention or action 紧迫的，紧要的

　　* complement

　　vt. add new or contrasting features which show the best qualities of (sth.) or which improve (it) 补充，补足

　　* constraint

　　n. limitation or restriction 约束，限制

　　* constrain

　　vt. 1. force (sb.) to act in a particular way 强迫

　　2. prevent (sth.) from developing freely 限制，束缚

　　restructure

　　vt. arrange (a system or organisation) in a new way to make it work more effectively 重建;改组;调整

　　evolutionary

　　a. of or resulting from evolution; developing gradually 进化论的;演变的

　　instinct

　　n. behavior or knowledge that one has without being taught 本能

　　perpetuate

　　a. make (sth.) continue for a long time; carry (sth.) on 使永久;保持

　　* perpetual

　　a. lasting forever or for a long time 永久性的;长期的

　　indispensable

　　a. essential 必不可少的

　　repopulate

　　vt. 重新构成…的人口;重新居住于

　　biologically

　　ad. 从生物学的角度

　　logic

　　n. a way of reasoning 推理(法)

　　depress

　　vt. 1. sadden and discourage 使抑郁，使沮丧

　　2. cause to sink to a lower level of position 使不景气，使萧条

　　reductionism

　　n. the practice of showing prejudice because of the tendency to reduce women to a lower status 视妇女低人一等的歧视性做法

　　reduction

　　n. making or becoming smaller; the amount taken off in making sth. smaller 减少(量);削减(数)

　　version

　　n. 1. one person"s account of an event, as compared with that of another person 描述，说法

　　2. 版本;改写本

　　geneticist

　　n. 遗传学家

　　egg-layer

　　n. 生育机器

　　* courtesy

　　n. 1. polite behavior; good manners 谦恭有礼;有礼的举止

　　2. a polite or kind action or expression 好意;恩惠

　　survival

　　n. continuing to live or exist, often in spite of difficulty or danger 生存;幸存

　　strategy

　　n. a plan, often for business or military aims 策略，计谋

　　strategic

　　a. 战略(上)的;战略上重要的

　　parental

　　a. 父母(似)的

　　maternal

　　a. of or like a mother 母亲(般)的

　　breast

　　n. 乳房;胸部;胸膛

　　* cradle

　　n. a small bed for a baby, usu. shaped like an open box, that rocks from side to side 摇篮

　　v. 轻轻地抱，拥抱

　　kiddie-centrism

　　n. the notion that children are most important 小孩中心论

　　cruise

　　n. a sea voyage for pleasure 海上航游

　　vt. sail or move at a constant speed that is unhurried and comfortable 航游;巡航;缓慢巡行

　　scenario

　　n. a written outline of a film, play, etc. 电影剧本;剧本提纲

　　* sheer

　　a. 1. pure; nothing other than (often used in descriptions of sth. surprising, outrageous, inexplicable, etc.) 完全的，十足的

　　2. (of fabric) very thin, light and almost transparent (织物)极簿的;透明的

　　3. very steep 陡峭的;垂直的

　　stalemate

　　n. a stage of a dis*, contest, etc. at which further progress is impossible for both sides 僵局;僵持阶段

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit2课文讲解3

　　priority seating

　　(the practice of) certain people being given a place to sit before other people 优先安排座位

　　at/from a distance

　　from a place that is not very close; a long time after sth. happened 隔开一段距离(或时间);从远处

　　object to

　　oppose; be against 反对，不赞成

　　at random

　　without conscious choice 胡乱地，随便地，任意地

　　gun down

　　shoot, causing to fall to the ground dead or wounded 枪杀;开枪打伤

　　be entitled to

　　be given the right to have or do (sth.) 有权，有资格

　　fend for oneself

　　look after oneself 照料自己

　　attach sth. to sth.

　　connect sth. to/with sth. else; associate sth. with sth. else; fasten sth. to sth. else 使相关联;使连接在一起

　　hand out

　　distribute 分发，散发

　　go down

　　sink (船等)下沉

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇（扩展3）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力 (菁选3篇)

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力1

　　1. As you listen to the passage, fill in as much information as you can about Annette"s plans.

　　Friday evening:

　　During the coming month:

　　Next term:

　　In the fall:

　　Next spring:

　　2. How did you feel while you were listening to Annette? What was it like trying to keep up with her? How do students like Annette make you feel?

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力2

　　campus

　　n. the grounds of a university, college or school; a university 大学校园，学校校园;大学

　　piercing

　　a. (of voices, sounds, etc.) very sharp, esp. in an unpleasant way (声音等)尖厉的，刺耳的

　　pierce

　　vi. make a hole in or through (sth.) with a sharp point 刺穿，戳穿

　　presumably

　　ad. it may be supposed; probably 假定;可能

　　* presume

　　v. believe sth. to be true without direct proof but with some feeling of being certain; suppose (没有根据地)相信;推测

　　grave

　　n. the place where a dead person is buried 坟墓

　　a. serious or solemn in manner; (of a situation) serious and worrying 严肃的，庄严的;(形势)严重的.

　　gravity

　　n. 1. 严肃，庄严;严重

　　2. 重力;地心引力

　　grip

　　n. a firm hold; control 紧握;控制

　　vt. 1. take a very tight hold (of) 握紧，紧握

　　2. take hold of the attention or feelings of 吸引;引起

　　* segment

　　n. a part of sth. 部分

　　preparation

　　n. arrangement for a future event 准备

　　wealthy

　　a. rich 富有的

　　glorify

　　vt. praise highly 颂扬，赞颂

　　glory

　　n. great fame, honor, and admiration 光荣;荣誉

　　potent

　　a. powerful, strong, forceful or effective 强有力的;有权势的;有效力的

　　self-induced

　　caused or brought about by oneself 自己导致的

　　* induce

　　vt. lead or cause (sb.) to do sth.; persuade or influence (sb.) to do sth. 导致;劝使，诱导

　　* incidentally

　　ad. by the way 顺便说一句

　　commencement

　　n. 1. (AmE) a ceremony at which university or college students are given their degrees or diplomas (美)毕业典礼;学位授予典礼

　　2. beginning of sth. 开始

　　commence

　　v. begin; start 开始;着手

　　ceremony

　　n. 典礼，仪式

　　commencement ceremony

　　(AmE) a college or university graduation ceremony (美)毕业典礼

　　reckoning

　　n. settlement of an account or a bill; (fig.) punishment 结帐;(喻)算帐，惩罚

　　reckon

　　vt. 1. calculate; add up (an amount, cost, etc.) 计算;算出(数量、费用等)

　　2. consider, regard 认为，把…看作

　　day of reckoning

　　(a Biblical reference) the time when one must eventually be punished for what one has done wrong (源自《圣经》)清算日，最后审判日

　　equip

　　vt. prepare (sb.) for dealing with a particular situation by providing necessary tools, education, etc.; su* (sb./ sth. with what is needed for a particular purpose) (智力、体力上)使有准备;配备，装备

　　inevitably

　　ad. 不可必免地;必然发生地

　　inevitable

　　a. which cannot be avoided or prevented from happening; certain to happen 不可避免的;必然发生的

　　intertwined

　　a. joined tightly together; very closely connected 互相缠结的，缠绕在一起的

　　premedical

　　a. preparing for the study of medicine 医学预科的

　　* dentist

　　n. a doctor trained to take care of people"s teeth 牙医

　　cheerful

　　a. in good spirit; causing a happy feeling 兴高采烈的;使人愉快的

　　conviction

　　n. a firm opinion or belief 深信，确信;把握

　　roommate

　　n. 住在同室的人，室友

　　typewriter

　　n. 打字机

　　* bug

　　vt. 1. (AmE) (infml) trouble (sb.) continually (美俚)烦扰，纠缠

　　2. (infml) fit with a secret listening apparatus (口)在…装qie听器

　　n. (AmE) a tiny insect, esp. one that causes damage; (infml) a fault or difficulty (美)虫子;(口)故障;毛病

　　considerate

　　a. careful not to hurt or trouble others; thoughtful 考虑周到的;替人着想的

　　fearful

　　a. afraid, anxious 惧怕的，忧虑的

　　goal-obsessed

　　a. extremely eager to realize one"s goals 一心要实现目标的

　　pre-arranged

　　a. planned or prepared in advance 预先准备好的

　　arrange

　　vt. 1. plan in advance; prepare 安排，准备

　　2. set in good or pleasing order 整理;排列

　　* slot

　　n. 1. a place or position in a schedule, list or series (口)(在机构、名单、程序等中的)位置，职位

　　2. a narrow opening in a tool or machine 狭长孔;狭槽

　　informally

　　ad. 非正式地;不拘礼节地

　　economist

　　n. an expert in economics 经济学家

　　a mixed bag

　　a group of people or things of different kinds and different qualities (人或物的)混合体;大杂烩

　　circuitous

　　a. indirect 迂回的，绕行的

　　circuit

　　n. 1. 环行;环行道

　　2. 电路;线路

　　circular

　　a. 1. 环行的，圆形的

　　2. 循环的

　　trail

　　n. a path, often through a forest or across rough ground (荒野中的)小径，小道

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力3

　　in the dead of night

　　in the quietest part of the night 夜深人静之时

　　get through

　　complete successfully; manage to live through (a difficult experience or period of time) 完成;消磨，度过(时间)

　　right now

　　immediately; at this moment 立刻，马上

　　in itself

　　considered as a complete thing or experience, without thinking of effects, consequences, etc. 本身，实质上

　　in the presence of sb.

　　in the place where sb. is; with sb. there 在某人面前，当着某人的面

　　work on

　　affect; influence 对…起作用;影响

　　go forth (into)

　　set out 出发

　　under pressure

　　influenced by need or necessity; suffering stress 被催逼;在压力下

　　put together

　　(used after a noun or nouns referring to a group of people or things) combined; in total 合在一起

　　bug out

　　(AmE sl.) become mentally unbalanced (美俚)烦恼，困惑

　　be considerate of/to/toward sb.

　　pay attention to sb. "s needs, wishes, or feelings 替某人着想，体贴某人

　　be fearful of

　　be afraid of 惧怕

　　be bound for

　　intending to go to; going to 准备到…去;开往

　　fit into

　　be the right size or shape for; be suitable for 与…相符，与…相适应

　　all along

　　all the time; from the beginning 一直，始终;从一开始就

　　conceive of

　　think of 构想出;设想

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇（扩展4）

——21世纪大学英语读写基础教程Unit4课文讲解60篇

21世纪大学英语读写基础教程Unit4课文讲解1

　　One day, a man who seemed to own everything he could want suddenly felt a deep, inexplicable sadness. What"s wrong with him? Did he finally regain his happiness? Here is the story...

　　The Happiest Man in the World

　　Adapted by Amy Friedman

　　Once upon a time there lived a man named Henry who had both land and money. He loved his wife and their strong and healthy children. In short, Henry had everything a man could want. At least that"s the way it seemed to everyone who knew him.

　　But one morning Henry awoke from a deep sleep beneath a warm comforter, his eyes filled with tears. His heart felt heavy. "I"m unhappy," he said. For a moment he was frightened by such a feeling, but then he jumped out of bed, packed a picnic lunch and set off for a walk in the woods. He was determined to feel happy again.

　　Henry hiked for hours, looking at the bright blue sky, enjoying the crisp autumn day. Everyone he passed greeted him. His neighbor"s dog barked hello. Another neighbor, meeting him as he returned home, handed him a freshly baked pumpkin pie, which he took home for supper.

　　Henry had always loved pumpkin pie, but even the pie, and his children"s happy voices and the blaze of the fire in the hearth, did not lift his spirits. He fell asleep feeling unhappier than he had ever before felt in all his life.

　　When he woke the next morning, he was even sadder. "I must fix this," he said, and set off for the city, where he thought he would find a hundred ways to cheer himself. He purchased silver bracelets for his wife and bags of candy for his children. He bought himself a pair of the softest slippers he could find. He dined in an elegant restaurant, and ate his favorite foods. And still that night he felt a deep sadness.

　　Weeks passed in this way. The ripe pumpkins in the field that had once brought him joy did nothing to raise his spirits. Neither did the moonlit nights, the honking geese, the flowing streams, the fields of hay, the chatter of the children, the feel of his soft new slippers. Henry sipped hot chocolate. He ate ripe apples. He bathed in warm baths and listened to beautiful music. But nothing helped.

　　At last, at his wit"s end, Henry went to see a wise man, and there he begged with a voice filled with misery and longing. "Sir, please tell me what I can do to find a way to lift my heavy heart. I must be cured of this terrible illness, which seems to have come from nowhere. I must find happiness."

　　"That which is clear to some people is sometimes hidden from others," the wise man said. "You must find the happiest man in the world. When you find him, ask him to trade his shirt for yours. Happiness will be yours once again."

　　Henry set off at once to find the happiest man in the world. One after another he came upon men who told him they were happy. Then Henry asked them one question: "Would you be happier if I gave you all my money?"

　　"Yes," each man answered.

　　"Then you are not the happiest man in the world," Henry said, and he went on searching.

　　One day as he walked through the forest, he heard someone in the distance singing the happiest song he had ever heard. He followed the sound and soon came to a woodcutter chopping logs.

　　"Excuse me. My name is Henry, and I am looking for the happiest man in the world," he said.

　　"You"ve come to the right man," the woodcutter said. "I"m happy as can be."

　　"Ah, then," Henry said, "would you like me to give you all my money?"

　　The woodcutter laughed. "I have no need for your money. Look at all I have," and he beckoned Henry to look at the forest—at the red and golden leaves, at the squirrels scurrying across the forest floor, at the birds perched overhead, at the deer grazing nearby.

　　"At last!" Henry cried. "I have been searching for you for a long time now. The wise man told me that if I exchanged shirts with the happiest man in the world, I would be cured of my illness. You see, I"m unhappy. Please, will you exchange your shirt for mine?"

　　The happiest man in the world looked closely at Henry, and then he began to laugh and laugh. He laughed until the forest echoed with his laughter.

　　When at last he quieted himself, Henry asked him, "How can you laugh at such a serious request? You see my shirt. It"s made of the finest cotton, and it will be yours. All I need is to wear yours."

　　And then the woodcutter unbuttoned his tattered coat, and Henry saw that the happiest man in the world wasn"t wearing a shirt.

　　"I own no shirts," the woodcutter said. "But now you know that you have the strength to seek all that you think you should have."

　　Henry smiled, for now he understood why the wise man had sent him on this journey. He felt his heart became light once more.

　　(841 words)

21世纪大学英语读写基础教程Unit4课文讲解2

　　beneath

　　prep.in or to a lower position than 在…的下面

　　comforter

　　n. (美)盖被

　　unhappy

　　a. 不愉快的，不幸福的

　　picnic

　　n. 郊游野餐;户外用餐;(个人自带食品的)聚餐

　　determine

　　v. (cause to) make a decision (使)下决心

　　* hike

　　v. take a long walk in the country (在乡间)作徒步旅行;远足

　　* crisp

　　a. 1. (of the air, weather, etc.) cold, dry and fresh (空气、气候等)干而冷的;清爽的;清新的

　　2. hard and dry; easily broken 干而硬的;脆的;易碎的

　　bark

　　vi. (at) make the short, sharp cry that a dog and some other animals make (狗等动物)吠，叫

　　* pumpkin

　　n. 南瓜

　　pie

　　n. 馅饼(一种西式点心)

　　* blaze

　　n. 1. (a burst of) a bright flame 火焰;烈火

　　2. a bright show of lights, colours, etc. 光辉;灿烂

　　vi. burn brightly and strongly 熊熊燃烧

　　hearth

　　n. 壁炉炉床;壁炉边(被认为是家庭生活的"中心)

　　purchase

　　vt. (fml) buy [正式]购买

　　n. 1. (fml) the act of buying [正式]购买

　　2. a thing that has been bought 购买之物

　　bracelet

　　n. 手镯;臂镯

　　candy

　　n. (esp. AmE) a sweet, sweets, or (a piece of) chocolate (尤美)糖果

　　slipper

　　n. a type of soft comfortable shoe for wearing inside the house 室内便鞋，拖鞋

　　* dine

　　vi. (fml) eat dinner [正式]用膳;进餐

　　elegant

　　a. beautiful and graceful 高雅的，优美的

　　sadness

　　n. 悲伤

　　moonlit

　　a. lighted by the moon 有月光的，月明的

　　honk

　　v. (雁)叫;按汽车喇叭

　　flow

　　v. (of liquid) move continuously and easily (液体)流动，流淌

　　stream

　　n. 1. a natural flow of water smaller than a river 小河，小溪

　　2. (of) a continuous flow of things or people 一连串，川流不息

　　hay

　　n. long grass that has been cut and dried, esp. used as animal food (作牲畜饲料用的)干草

　　chatter

　　n. rapid unimportant conversation 喋喋不休，饶舌

　　vi. talk quickly, continuously, and for a long time, usu. about sth. unimportant 喋喋不休，饶舌

　　* sip

　　v. drink only a little at a time 小口地喝，啜饮

　　n. a very small amount of a drink 一小口

　　chocolate

　　n. 巧克力;巧克力饮料

　　wit

　　n. 1. power of thought 才智，才能

　　2. the ability to use words in a clever and humorous way 风趣;幽默

　　* misery

　　n. great unhappiness or great pain (of body or mind) (身心的)痛苦，不幸

　　longing

　　n. (for)a strong feeling of wanting sth. 渴望

　　nowhere

　　ad. 什么地方都不，无处

　　woodcutter

　　n. a man whose job is to cut down trees in a forest 伐木者，樵夫

　　chop

　　v. cut by repeatedly hitting with an axe or other sharp instrument 砍，劈

　　log

　　n. a thick piece of wood cut from a tree 原木，圆材，干材

　　beckon

　　v. call or signal with a movement of the head, head, etc. (用头或手的动作)示意，召唤

　　squirrel

　　n. 松鼠

　　scurry

　　vi. hurry; move quickly, esp. with small short steps (尤指用小步)急跑，急赶

　　perch

　　vi. (of a bird)come to rest, esp. on a thin, raised object such as a branch (鸟)飞落，暂栖

　　overhead

　　a. & ad.(located or passing) above one"s head 在头顶上(的)，在空中(的)

　　deer

　　n. 鹿

　　* graze

　　vi. feed on growing grass, as cattle, sheep, etc. (牛、羊等)啃食牧草

　　nearby

　　a. & ad. near; close by (在)附近(的)

　　exchange

　　v. (for, with) give sb. sth. and receive sth. of the same kind in return 交换

　　echo

　　vi. (with) (of a place) be filled with echoes 发出回声，产生回响

　　n. a sound sent back or repeated from a surface such as a wall 回声，声音

　　laughter

　　n. an act or sound of laughing 笑，笑声

　　request

　　n. an act of asking for sth 要求，请求

　　vt. ask (for) 要求，请求

　　unbutton

　　v. 解开(纽扣)

　　tattered

　　a. (esp. of clothes) old and torn (尤指衣服)破旧的，破烂的

　　Phrases and Expressions

　　in short

　　briefly stated; in a few words 总而言之

　　at least

　　至少

　　for a moment

　　片刻，一会儿

　　set off

　　start going 出发， 动身

　　at last

　　终于

　　at one"s wit"s end

　　(infml) completely at a loss or in despair [非正式]智穷计尽;全然不知所措

　　from nowhere

　　从不知道的地方

　　once again

　　再一次

　　one after another

　　one by one; repeatedly or continuously 一个接一个地;接连地

　　come upon

　　meet, find, or discover by chance (偶然)遇见，发现

　　go on

　　continue without stopping or without change 继续

　　once more

　　再一次

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇（扩展5）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第一二三册课后翻译答案60篇

21世纪大学英语读写教程第一二三册课后翻译答案1

　　l 汤姆是个非常好奇的男孩，他不仅对“是什么”感兴趣，而且也对“为什么”和“怎么会”感兴趣。

　　As a very curious boy, Tom is interested not only in whats but also in whys and hows.

　　l 据史密斯教授说，幸福就是你能充分利用你所有的一切。

　　Happiness, according to Prof. Smith, is the ability to make the most of what you have.

　　l 你最好把这本书放在你15岁儿子找不到的地方。

　　You’d better keep the book where your 15-year-old son can’t get his hands on it.

　　l 这故事非常滑稽，比尔一边读一边不停地笑。

　　The story was so funny that Bill kept laughing all the time while reading it.

　　l 成绩优秀的学生未必比他们得分较低的同学在学习上花费更多的时间。

　　High-achieving students do not necessarily put in more time on their studies than their lower-scoring classmates.

　　l 你是怎样设法说服这些学生修读快速阅读课的?

　　How did you manage to persuade these students to take the speed-reading course?

　　l 用功是重要的，但知道如何充分利用自己的才能更重要得多。

　　Working hard is important, but knowing how to make the most of one’s abilities counts for much more.

　　l 她要求学生独立思考，而不是告诉他们该思考什么。

　　She asked her students to think for themselves rather than telling them what to think.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第一二三册课后翻译答案2

　　l 老伴60多岁中风去世时，那位72岁的退休教授不胜悲痛。无人依靠的生活对他来说将是非常困难的。

　　When his wife died of a stroke in her sixties, the 72-year-old retired professor was overwhelmed by grief. Life would be too difficult for him without anybody to rely on.

　　l 两位业余画家上个月在伦敦举办了一次个人画展。许多人前去参观，其中包括一些著名的专业画家。

　　Last month two * painters held an exhibition of their pictures in London. Many people went to see it, including a few celebrated professionals.

　　l 当20世纪80年代中期，7名宇航员在“挑战者”号的灾难中遇到困难时，全世界一下子陷入了震惊与悲痛之中。

　　When seven astronauts died in the Challenger disaster in the mid-1980s, it plunged the whole world into shock and grief.

　　l 在结束了其第二届首相任期之后，她仍积极参与政治事务。当*遇到困难时，她屡次前来帮忙。

　　After completing her second prime ministry, she remained actively involved in political affairs. She came to the rescue several times when the government was in difficulty.

　　l 大选失败之后，史密斯博士隐退到一个小村庄，在那里尝试工作。

　　After his failure in the election campaign, Dr. Smith retired to a small village, where he tried his hand at farming.

　　l 只要你一辈子不停地努力工作，你在回忆里往事时就会感到心满意足的。

　　As long as you keep working hard all your life, you will recall your past with a glow of satisfaction.

　　l 我们现在必须唤醒人们认识到环境保护的重要性。否则很快就为时太晚了。

　　We must awaken people to the importance of environmental protection, or it will be too late.

　　l 那位官员因卷入一件政治丑闻而被撤职。如果早知会落到这般地步，他当初也许就会以不同的方式行事了。

　　That official was removed from office for being involved in a political scandal. Had he known this would happen, he might have acted differently.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第一二三册课后翻译答案3

　　l 汤姆去年转来我校，他全神贯注地听杨小姐上课并很快成了她最喜欢的学生。

　　Tom (was) transferred to our school last year. He hung no Miss Young’s every word in class and soon became the apple of her eye.

　　l 看到女儿高中毕业，他感到一阵难以弄语言表达的爱和骄傲。

　　Seeing his daughter graduate from high school, he felt a surge of love and pride that he couldn’t express in words.

　　l 当李先生去年开始涉足股市时，他做梦也没想到会变成百万富翁。

　　Last year when Mr. Li first began his venture into the stock market, becoming a millionaire was beyond his wildest dreams.

　　l 在休假日，我有幸看到一些野生海豹在吃鱼。我拍了几张照片，可惜焦点都没对准。

　　On my holiday, I was lucky enough to witness some wild seals feeding no fish. I took several photos of them, but unfortunately they were all out of focus.

　　l 王子跟那位女演员保持确定的情侣关系已三年。没有任何东西能改变他们在下周结婚的决定。

　　The prince has been going steady with the actress for three years and nothing can alter their plan to get married next week.

　　l 因为穷人连饭都吃不饱便认为他们不需要义务教育的看法完全是一种错误的想法。没有教育人们怎能克服贫穷?

　　It is a complete misconception that the poor do not need compulsory education because they do not even have enough to feed on. Without education, how can people ever overcome their poverty?

　　l 大卫所有的同班同学都困惑不解——没有人想得出他怎么突然变成了优等生。

　　All of David’s classmates are completely stumped—no one can work out how he became a top student overnight.

　　l 很明显，她拒绝他的求婚给了他沉重的打击，但他最终还是从痛苦中恢复了过来。

　　Obviously, her rejection of his proposal hit him hard, but in time he recovered from his wounds.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇（扩展6）

——21世纪大学英语Unit3读写教程60篇

21世纪大学英语Unit3读写教程1

　　Have you ever paid tributes to your mother? Have you ever expressed your emotions on the theme of mothers? Here industrialist Ross Perot and Professor Michael DeBakey are eager to salute their own mothers.

　　Mothers

　　An old Jewish proverb says, "God could not be everywhere, and therefore he made mothers."

　　Ann Taylor expressed her emotions on the theme of mothers with the following:

　　Who ran to help me when I fell,

　　And would some pretty story tell,

　　Or kiss the place to make it well?

　　My mother.

　　On account of the many tributes paid to mothers from the time of Eve, one might think the subject exhausted. But not so. Here, Industrialist Ross Perot and Professor Michael E. DeBakey are ready, indeed eager, to salute their own cherished mothers.

　　My mother was an angel.

　　Our family lived six blocks from the railroad tracks. During the Depression, the freight trains were filled with hoboes wandering from town to town looking for work. Every day they would come by our house asking for food. My kind mother would always share our food with them.

　　These people were poor and desperate, but we had absolutely no fear of them. When they knocked and asked for food, there was no concern that they might break in and steal things.

　　One day, a hobo said, "Lady, don"t you have a lot of people stopping by here?"

　　My mother said, "Yes, we do."

　　"Do you know why?" he asked.

　　She replied, "Not really."

　　Then he took her out to the street and showed her a mark on our curb. He said, "Lady, this mark on your curb says that you will feed people. That"s why you get so many visitors."

　　After the man left, I turned to my mother and said, "Do you want me to wash that mark off the curb?"

　　She replied with words that I will remember for the rest of my life. "No, Son, leave it there. These are good people. They are just like us, but they"re down on their luck. We should help them."

　　Ross Perot

　　Industrialist

　　My mother"s birthday, Christmas, is symbolic of her human warmth, her giving nature, her noble character, and her high Christian values. She and my father instilled those values in all their children from the earliest age, and she lived to make life better not only for her family, but for everyone she knew, particularly those less fortunate than she.

　　I recall vividly one incident in my childhood that had a lasting impact on me. Every Sunday after dinner, my parents would pack food, clothing, and books in our car and would drive, with their children, to an orphanage just outside our hometown. One Sunday I saw my mother packing a favorite cap of mine, and I protested. She calmly explained that I had several other caps and could easily get new ones, whereas the orphan who would receive this cap had none at all. She assured me that I would derive a special feeling of happiness when I saw the smile on the boy"s face as he put the cap on his head. That lesson made a deep impression on me, and the truth of her words has certainly stood the test of time as other incidents in my life have validated her words. I consider the wonderful parents that God gave me my greatest blessing, for they both believed it was always more blessed to give than to receive.

　　Michael E. DeBakey, M.D.

　　Professor

　　(545 words)

21世纪大学英语Unit3读写教程2

　　Jewish

　　a. of the Jews 犹太人的

　　proverb

　　n. 谚语，语言

　　emotion

　　n. strong feeling of any kind 激情;情感

　　theme

　　n. the main subject or idea of a talk, book, movie, etc. (谈话、书、电影等的)题目，主题

　　following

　　a. 下列的，下述的

　　account

　　n. 理由，根据;账目

　　* tribute

　　n. a gift, speech of praise, etc., given as an expression of gratitude toward another(表示敬意的)礼物;颂词，称赞

　　exhaust

　　vt. 1. use up 用尽，耗尽

　　2. talk about, write about or study a subject fully 详尽论述(某事物)

　　industrialist

　　n. a person engaged in the management of industry 工业家;实业家

　　eager

　　a. full of interest or desire; keen 热切的;渴望的;热心的

　　* salute

　　vt. honor or acknowledge with praise 颂扬

　　* cherish

　　vt. be fond of (sb./sth.); love 珍爱(某人/某事物);爱

　　railroad

　　n. (AmE) railway (美)铁路

　　freight

　　n. goods transported by ships, aeroplanes, or trains (水运、空运、陆运的)货物

　　hobo

　　n. (esp. AmE) an unemployed worker wandering from place to place (尤美)流动的失业工人;失业游民

　　wander

　　vi. move about without any special purpose or direction 游荡;闲逛;流浪

　　desperate

　　a. wild or dangerous because of despair (因绝望而)不顾一切的，拼命的

　　absolutely

　　ad. completely; beyond any doubt 完全地;绝对地

　　concern

　　n. worry; anxiety 担心;焦虑

　　* curb

　　n. (由路缘石砌成的`街道或人行道的)路缘

　　symbolic

　　a. 象征的，象征性的

　　warmth

　　n. the state or quality of being warm 热情;温暖

　　character

　　n. mental or moral qualities that make a person, group, nation, etc., different from others (个人、集体、民族等特有的)品质，特性

　　Christian

　　a. 基督教的;基督教徒的

　　instill

　　vt. put (ideas, feelings, etc.) gradually but firmly into sb"s mind by a continuous effort 逐渐灌输

　　particularly

　　ad. especially 特别，尤其

　　fortunate

　　a. lucky 幸运的

　　recall

　　vt. remember; bring (sth.) back to mind 记得;回想起

　　vividly

　　ad. in a lively manner 清晰地;生动地

　　incident

　　n. event or happening, often of little importance 事情，发生的事;小事

　　childhood

　　n. the condition or time of being a child 童年;幼年时代

　　lasting

　　a. continuing for a long time 持久的

　　impact

　　n. strong effect or influence on sb./sth. 影响;作用

　　pack

　　vt. put (items) into a container 把东西装进(箱子、盒子等)

　　orphanage

　　n. a place or institution for the housing and care of orphans 孤儿院

　　hometown

　　n. the town where one was born and lived while they were young 故乡，家乡

　　favorite

　　a. best liked 最喜欢的

　　protest

　　v. express strong disagreement or disapproval about (sth) *;对…提出异议

　　calmly

　　ad. *静地;镇定地

　　whereas

　　conj.compared with the fact that; while 然而，但是;而

　　orphan

　　n. a child whose parents are dead 孤儿

　　assure

　　vt. promise or tell sth. to (sb.) confidently or firmly 向…保证

　　derive

　　vt. get or obtain 取得，得到

　　happiness

　　n. 愉快，快乐，高兴

　　impression

　　n. an effect produced (esp. on the mind or feelings) 印象

　　validate

　　vt. 1. make (sth.) logical or justifiable 证实;确证

　　2. make (sth.) legally effective 使(某事物)具有法律效力

　　blessing

　　n. God"s favour and protection (上帝的)赐福，保佑

　　Phrases and Expressions

　　on account of

　　because of 因为，由于

　　pay (a) tribute to sb./sth.

　　express one"s admiration or respect for sb./sth. 对(某事物)表示赞赏或敬意

　　look for

　　search for or try to find (sb./sth.) 寻找;寻求

　　come by

　　visit a person or place for a short time, often when one is going somewhere else; get, obtain 访问，看望;得到，获得

　　ask for

　　expect or demand (sth.) 要;要求

　　share with

　　have a share of (sth.) with another or others 与别人分享(某物)

　　break in

　　get into a building by using force, usu. in order to steal sth. 强行闯入屋内，破门而入

　　stop by

　　pay a short visit to a person or place, usu. when one in going somewhere else (顺便)过访

　　wash sth. off

　　remove sth. from the surface of a material, etc., by washing 把某物冲洗掉

　　be down on one"s luck

　　have bad luck, esp. in money * 不走运;穷困潦倒

　　at all

　　(used with negatives or questions) in any way or of any type [用于否定句或疑问句]丝毫，一点;根本

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇（扩展7）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课文Unwritten Rules60篇

21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课文Unwritten Rules1

　　First Listening

　　1. As you listen to the tape the first time, mark each word or phrase J or T, to indicate whether Jill (the woman) or Tim (the man) says them. (Some words might be spoken by both people!)

　　animal anywhere asleep car cold decent ignore law light no one police safety sleepy social contract who knows

　　Then briefly summarize each person"s attitude toward the social contract.

　　Second Listening

　　2. Whose point of view is closer to your own? Are there situations when it"s okay to break the rules? Are there rules it"s never okay to break, even when you"re alone?

21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课文Unwritten Rules2

　　Bob Greene

　　The restaurant was almost full. A steady hum of conversation hung over the room; people spoke with each other and worked on their meals.

　　Suddenly, from a table near the center of the room, came a screaming voice: "Damn it, Sylvia...."

　　The man was shouting at the top of his voice. His face was red, and he yelled at the woman sitting opposite him for about fifteen seconds. In the crowded restaurant, it seemed like an hour. All other conversations in the room stopped, and everyone looked at the man. He must have realized this, because just as suddenly as he had started, he lowered his voice and finished whatever it was he had to say in a tone the rest of us could not hear.

　　It was startling precisely because it almost never happens; there are no laws against such explosions, and with the pressures of our modern world you would almost expect to run into such things on a regular basis. But you don"t; as a matter of fact, when I thought it over I realized that it was the first time in my life I had witnessed such a demonstration. During all the meals I"ve had in restaurants, I had never seen a person start screaming at the top of his lungs.

　　When you"re eating among other people, you don"t raise your voice; it"s just one example of the unwritten rules we live by. When you consider it, you recognize that those rules probably govern our lives on a more absolute basis than the ones you could find if you looked in the law books. The customs that govern us are what make a civilization. There would be chaos without them, and yet it"s not at all clear why — even in our disintegrating society — we obey them.

　　How many times have you stopped at a red light late at night? You can see in all directions; there"s no one else around — no headlights, no police cruiser idling behind you. You"re tired and in a hurry. But you wait for the light to change. Is it for safety"s sake? No; you can see that there would be no accident if you drove on. Is it to avoid getting arrested? No; you are alone; there"s no one to catch you. Still, you sit and wait.

　　At major athletic events, it is not uncommon to find 90,000 or 100,000 people sitting in the stands. On the playing field are two dozen athletes —maybe fewer. There aren"t enough security guards on hand to keep all the spectators from getting out of their seats and walking onto the field. But it never happens. Regardless of the emotion of the contest, the spectators stay in their places, and the athletes are safe in their part of the arena. The invisible barrier always holds.

　　In restaurants and coffee shops, people pay their bills. It"s a simple enough concept. Yet it would be remarkably easy to wander away from a meal without paying at the end. Especially in these difficult economic times, wouldn"t you expect this to become a common form of cheating? Why doesn"t it happen more often? It"s just another unwritten rule of human conduct that people automatically make good on their debts. They would no sooner walk out on a bill than start screaming.

　　I know a man who, when he parks his car at a parking meter, always puts change in the meter even if there"s time left on it. He regards it as the right thing to do. He says he isn"t doing it just to extend the time remaining—even if there"s sufficient time on the meter to cover whatever task he has to perform at the location, he pays his own way. He believes that you"re supposed to purchase your own time; the fellow before you purchased only his.

　　There are so many rules like these—rules that we all obey—that we think about them only when that rare person violates them. In the restaurant, after the man had yelled "Damn it, Sylvia" there was a tentative atmosphere among the other diners for half an hour after it happened. They weren"t sure what disturbed them about what they had witnessed; they knew, though, that it had violated something very basic about the way we"re supposed to behave. And it bothered them—which in itself is a hopeful sign that, more often than not, all is well.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课文Unwritten Rules3

　　hum

　　n. a low steady continuous sound 连续低沉的声音

　　screaming

　　a. 尖声的，发出尖叫声的

　　scream

　　v. say (sth.) loudly and usually on a high note, esp. because of anger, fear, pain, etc. (因恐惧、痛苦等而)尖声喊叫，惊呼

　　*

　　v. 1. declare to be very wrong or bad 指责，贬斥

　　2. (esp. of God) send (sb.) to punishment without end after death (尤指上帝)罚(某人)入地狱受罪

　　3. curse at 诅咒;咒骂

　　int. 该死，他妈的，讨厌(表示愤怒、厌烦、轻蔑、失望等)

　　yell

　　vi. (at) speak or say sth. in a very loud voice 叫喊，叫嚷

　　precisely

　　ad. 1. exactly; just 恰好;正好

　　2. in an exact manner; carefully 精确地;细致地

　　precision

　　n. exactness 精确，准确

　　a. made or done with exactness 精密的，确切的

　　explosion

　　n. 1. a sudden bursting out of strong emotion (感情等的)爆发，迸发

　　2. (a loud noise caused by) a sudden, violent burst of energy 爆炸(声)，炸裂(声)

　　3. a large and rapid increase 大规模的扩大;激增

　　explode

　　vi. 1. blow up or burst 爆炸;爆破

　　2. (in, with) show sudden violent emotion 爆发，迸发

　　vt. 1. cause (a bomb, etc.) to blow up or burst 使爆炸;使突发

　　2. (often pass.) destroy (a belief) [常被动] 破除，戳穿

　　explosive

　　a. that can explode 会爆炸的

　　basis

　　n. 基础;根据;基本原则，准则

　　basically

　　ad. with regard to what is most important and basic; in reality 基本上;实际上;主要地

　　witness

　　vt. see (sth.) happen 目击

　　n. a person who sees an event take place and is therefore able to describe it to others 目击者，见证人

　　demonstration

　　n. 1. the expression of a feeling (情绪的)显示，表露

　　2. a public show of strong feeling or opinion, often with marching, big signs **

　　absolute

　　a. 1. not depending on or measured by comparison with other things 绝对的

　　2. complete: total 完全的;十足的

　　3. certain; definite; leaving no doubt 确实的;不容置疑的

　　custom

　　n. 1. (an) established socially accepted practice 习俗，风俗

　　2. the habitual practice of a person (个人)习惯

　　customary

　　a. established by custom; usual or habitual 习俗的;习惯的

　　*disintegrate

　　v. 1. fall apart 瓦解;解体

　　2. (cause to) break into small parts or pieces (使)碎裂;(使)粉碎

　　headlight

　　n. 车前灯

　　cruiser

　　n. (AmE) a police car (美)警察巡逻车

　　sake

　　n. 目的;理由;缘故;利益

　　arrest

　　vt. take and keep (sb.) prisoner with the authority of the law 依法逮捕，拘捕

　　athletic

　　a. of or concerning athletes or athletics 运动员的;运动的

　　security

　　n. safety; sth. that provides or assures safety 安全;保卫措施，安全措施

　　*spectator

　　n. a person who is watching an event or game (比赛等的.)观看者，观众

　　emotion

　　n. 1. any of the strong feelings of the human spirit 情感;激情;感情

　　2. strength of feelings; excited state of the feelings 激动

　　contest

　　n. an event in which people compete against each other; a competition 竞赛;比赛

　　arena

　　n. a level area for sports, public entertainment, etc. (供竞技、表演等用的)场地

　　remarkably

　　ad. unusually; noticeably 非凡地，异常地;值得注意地，引人注目地

　　parking meter

　　a device next to a parking space into which one has to put money for parking for a certain time 汽车停放计时器，汽车停放收费计

　　extend

　　vt. make (sth.) longer or larger 使延长，使延期;扩展，扩大

　　extension

　　n. 1. the act of extending or being extended 延伸;扩展

　　2. a part which is added to make sth. longer, wider, or larger 增加的部分

　　location

　　n. a place or position 地点;位置

　　*violate

　　vt. break or be contrary to (a rule, principle, treaty, etc.) 违反，违背;违犯

　　*tentative

　　a. 犹豫的，迟疑不决的

　　diner

　　n. a person eating dinner 就餐者

　　behave

　　v. 1. act; bear oneself 行为;举止

　　2. (of things) act in a particular way (事物)作出反应;起作用

　　3. (of machines, etc.) work or function (机器等)运转

　　hopeful

　　a. 1. (of things) causing hope; likely to be favourable or successful; promising (事物)有希望的，给人希望的;有前途的

　　2. having hope 抱有希望的;充满希望的

　　Phrases and Expressions

　　hang over

　　remain, esp. as sth. unpleasant or threatening 笼罩;威胁

　　* it

　　(俚)该死

　　raise/lower one"s voice

　　speak more loudly/quietly 提高/压低嗓门

　　at the top of one"s voice/lungs

　　as loudly as possible 用尽量大的声音，放声(大叫)

　　on a regular /absolute basis

　　regularly /absolutely 定期地;绝对地

　　on a... basis

　　in a...way …地;在…基础上

　　as a matter of fact

　　actually, in fact 实际上

　　live by

　　live according to (sth. such as a principle) 遵循(…的原则)

　　for sth."s / sb."s sake / for the sake of sth. / sb.

　　for the purpose of sth. / for the benefit of sb. 为了，为了…的利益

　　on hand

　　available; present (not absent) 现有，在手头;在场

　　make good (on one"s debt[s])

　　pay what one owes 偿付，支付(债务)

　　no sooner... than

　　1. 同…一样不

　　2. 一…就…

　　walk out on sth. / sb.

　　1. stop doing sth. one has agreed to do or that one is responsible for 不管，不顾;不履行;不支付

　　2. leave suddenly, esp. in a time of trouble; desert 抛弃，离开

　　in itself

　　considering only the thing specified; in its true nature 本身;实质上

　　more often than not

　　quite frequently 往往，多半

　　all is well

　　the situation is very satisfactory 一切顺利

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇（扩展8）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册Unit2课文讲解60篇

21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册Unit2课文讲解1

　　Text A

　　Listening

　　First Listening

　　Before listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following words.

　　conversation

　　谈话

　　comment on

　　评论

　　bowling

　　保龄球

　　lane

　　球道

　　connect

　　联系

　　converse

　　交谈

　　switch

　　转换

　　Second Listening

　　Listen to the tape again. Then, choose the best answer to each of the following questions.

　　1. What was the main cause of the problem discussed in the listening?

　　A) She was using a Western style in conversations among the Japanese.

　　B) She insisted on speaking English even though she was in Japan.

　　C) She spoke the Japanese language poorly.

　　D) She was an American woman married to a Japanese man.

　　2. Which of the following comparisons does the listening make about Japanese and Western conversational styles?

　　A) The Japanese style is like tennis and the Western style is like volleyball.

　　B) The Western style is more athletic than the Japanese style.

　　C) The Japanese style is like bowling and the Western style is like tennis.

　　D) The Japanese style is like singles tennis and the Western style is like doubles.

　　3. The author considers the Western conversational style to be ____________.

　　A) more interactive (互动的)

　　B) louder

　　C) more personal

　　D) better

　　4.The author considers the Japanese conversational style to be ____________.

　　A) easier to adjust to(适应)

　　B) more strictly (严谨地) organized

　　C) more traditional

　　D) better

　　5.The author concludes that ____________.

　　A) once you know the differences, it is easy to adjust to them

　　B) because she is American, she will never really understand Japan

　　C) life will be much easier for her students than it was for her

　　D) it remains difficult to switch from one style to another

　　Pre-reading Questions

　　1.Look at the title and guess what this passage is about.

　　2. Go over the first paragraph quickly and find out who the author is. Is she a Japanese born and educated in the United States or an American married to a Japanese?

　　3. Have you ever talked with a native speaker of English? What problems have you encountered in talking with a foreigner?

　　Conversational Ballgames

　　Nancy Masterson Sakamoto

　　After I was married and had lived in Japan for a while, my Japanese gradually improved to the point where I could take part in simple conversations with my husband, his friends, and family. And I began to notice that often, when I joined in, the others would look startled, and the conversation would come to a halt. After this happened several times, it became clear to me that I was doing something wrong. But for a long time, I didn"t know what it was.

　　Finally, after listening carefully to many Japanese conversations, I discovered what my problem was. Even though I was speaking Japanese, I was handling the conversation in a Western way.

　　Japanese-style conversations develop quite differently from western-style conversations. And the difference isn"t only in the languages. I realized that just as I kept trying to hold western-style conversations even when I was speaking Japanese, so were my English students trying to hold Japanese-style conversations even when they were speaking English. We were unconsciously playing entirely different conversational ballgames.

　　A western-style conversation between two people is like a game of tennis. If I introduce a topic, a conversational ball, I expect you to hit it back. If you agree with me, I don"t expect you sim* to agree and do nothing more. I expect you to add something — a reason for agreeing, another example, or a remark to carry the idea further. But I don"t expect you always to agree. I am just as happy if you question me, or challenge me, or completely disagree with me. Whether you agree or disagree, your response will return the ball to me.

　　And then it is my turn again. I don"t serve a new ball from my original starting line. I hit your ball back again from where it has bounced. I carry your idea further, or answer your questions or objections, or challenge or question you. And so the ball goes back and forth.

　　If there are more than two people in the conversation, then it is like doubles in tennis, or like volleyball. There"s no waiting in line. Whoever is nearest and quickest hits the ball, and if you step back, someone else will hit it. No one stops the game to give you a turn. You"re responsible for taking your own turn and no one person has the ball for very long.

　　A Japanese-style conversation, however, is not at all like tennis or volleyball, it"s like bowling. You wait for your turn, and you always know your place in line. It depends on such things as whether you are older or younger, a close friend or a relative stranger to the previous speaker, in a senior or junior position, and so on.

　　The first thing is to wait for your turn, patiently and politely. When your moment comes, you step up to the starting line with your bowling ball, and carefully bowl it. Everyone else stands back, making sounds of polite encouragement. Everyone waits until your ball has reached the end of the lane, and watches to see if it knocks down all the pins, or only some of them, or none of them. Then there is a pause, while everyone registers your score.

　　Then, after everyone is sure that you are done, the next person in line steps up to the same starting line, with a different ball. He doesn"t return your ball. There is no back and forth at all. And there is always a suitable pause between turns. There is no rush, no impatience.

　　No wonder everyone looked startled when I took part in Japanese conversations. I paid no attention to whose turn it was, and kept snatching the ball halfway down the alley and throwing it back at the bowler. Of course the conversation fell apart, I was playing the wrong game.

　　This explains why it can be so difficult to get a western-style discussion going with Japanese students of English. Whenever I serve a volleyball, everyone just stands back and watches it fall. No one hits it back. Everyone waits until I call on someone to take a turn. And when that person speaks, he doesn"t hit my ball back. He serves a new ball. Again, everyone just watches it fall. So I call on someone else. This person does not refer to what the previous speaker has said. He also serves a new ball. Everyone begins again from the same starting line, and all the balls run parallel. There is never any back and forth.

　　Now that you know about the difference in the conversational ballgames, you may think that all your troubles are over. But if you have been trained all your life to play one game, it is no simple matter to switch to another, even if you know the rules. Tennis, after all, is different from bowling.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册Unit4大学压力60篇（扩展9）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第1单元课文讲解 (菁选3篇)

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第1单元课文讲解1

　　A common misconception among youngsters attending school is that their teachers were child prodigies. Who else but a bookworm, with none of the normal kid"s tendency to play rather than study, would grow up to be a teacher anyway?

　　I"ve tried desperately to explain to my students that the image they have of me as an enthusiastic devotee of books and homework during my adolescence was a bit out of focus. On the contrary, I hated compulsory education with a passion. I could never quite accept the notion of having to go to school while the fish were biting.

　　But in my sophomore year, something beautiful and exciting happened. Cupid aimed his arrow and struck me right in the heart. All at once, I enjoyed going to school, if only to gaze at the lovely face in English II.

　　My princess sat near the pencil sharpener, and that year I ground up enough pencils to fuel a campfire. Alas, Debbie was far beyond my wildest dreams. We were separated not only by five rows of desks, but by about 50 I.Q. points. She was the top student in English II, the apple of Mrs. Larrivee"s eye.

　　Occasionally, Debbie would catch me staring at her, and she would flash a smile that radiated intelligence and quickened my heartbeat. It was a smile that signaled hope and made me temporarily forget the intellectual gulf that separated us.

　　I schemed desperately to bridge that gulf. And one day, as I was passing the supermarket, an idea came to me. A sign in the window announced that the store was offering the first volume of a set of encyclopedias at the special price of 29 cents. The remaining volumes would cost $2.49 each.

　　I purchased Volume I — Aardvark to Asteroid — and began my venture into the world of knowledge. I would henceforth become a seeker of facts. I would become Chief Brain in English II and sweep my princess off her feet with a surge of erudition. I had it all planned.

　　My first opportunity came one day in the cafeteria line. I looked behind me and there she was.

　　"Hi," she said.

　　After a pause, I wet my lips and said, "Know where anchovies come from?"

　　She seemed surprised. "No, I don"t."

　　I breathed a sigh of relief. "The anchovy lives in salt water and is rarely found in fresh water." I had to talk fast, so that I could get all the facts in before we reached the cash register. "Fishermen catch anchovies in the Mediterranean Sea and along the Atlantic coast near Spain and Portugal."

　　"How fascinating," said Debbie, shaking her head in disbelief. It was obvious that I had made quite an impression.

　　A few days later, during a fire drill, I casually went up to her and asked, "Ever been to the Aleutian Islands?"

　　"Never have," she replied.

　　"Might be a nice place to visit, but I certainly wouldn"t want to live there," I said.

　　"Why not?" said Debbie, playing right into my hands.

　　"Well, the climate is forbidding. There are no trees on any of the 100 or more islands in the group. The ground is rocky and very little plant life can grow on it."

　　"I don"t think I"d even care to visit," she said.

　　The fire drill was over and we began to file into the building, so I had to step it up to get the natives in. "The Aleuts are short and sturdy and have dark skin and black hair. They live on fish, and they trap blue foxes and seals for their valuable fur."

　　Debbie"s eyes widened in amazement.

　　One day I was browsing through the library. I spotted Debbie sitting at a table, absorbed in a crossword puzzle. She was frowning, apparently stumped on a word. I leaned over and asked if I could help.

　　"Four-letter word for Oriental female servant," Debbie said.

　　"Try amah," I said, quick as a flash.

　　Debbie filled in the blanks, then turned to stare at me in amazement. "I don"t believe it," she said. "I just don"t believe it."

　　And so it went, that glorious, joyous, romantic sophomore year. Debbie seemed to relish our little conversations and hung on my every word. Naturally, the more I read, the more my confidence grew.

　　In the classroom, too, I was gradually making my presence felt. One day, during a discussion of Coleridge"s "The Ancient Mariner", we came across the word albatross.

　　"Can anyone tell us what an albatross is?" asked Mrs. Larrivee.

　　My hand shot up. "The albatross is a large bird that lives mostly in the ocean regions below the equator, but may be found in the north Pacific as well. The albatross measures as long as four feet and has the greatest wingspread of any bird. It feeds on fish and shellfish. The albatross has an enormous appetite, and when it"s full it has trouble getting into the air again."

　　There was a long silence in the room. Mrs. Larrivee couldn"t quite believe what she had just heard. I sneaked a look at Debbie and gave her a big wink. She beamed proudly and winked back.

　　What I failed to perceive was that Debbie all this while was going steady with a junior from a neighboring school — a basketball player with a C+ average. The revelation hit me hard, and for a while I felt like forgetting everything I had learned. I had saved enough money to buy Volume II — Asthma to Bullfinch — but was strongly tempted to invest in a basketball instead.

　　I felt not only hurt, but betrayed. Like Agamemnon, but with less drastic consequences, thank God.

　　In time I recovered from my wounds. The next year Debbie moved from the neighborhood and transferred to another school. Soon she became no more than a memory.

　　Although the original incentive was gone, I continued poring over the encyclopedias, as well as an increasing number of other books. Having tasted of the wine of knowledge, I could not now alter my course. For:

　　"A little knowledge is a dangerous thing:

　　Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring."

　　So wrote Alexander Pope, Volume XIV — Paprika to Pterodactyl.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第1单元课文讲解2

　　prodigy

　　n. a person who has unusual and very noticeable abilities, usually at an early age 奇才;天才

　　child prodigy

　　an unusually clever child 神童

　　bookworm

　　n. a person devoted to reading 极爱读书者;书呆子

　　devotee

　　n. a person strongly devoted to sth. or sb. 热爱…者;献身于…的人

　　adolescence

　　n. 青春期

　　* compulsory

　　a. required by law or a rule 义务的;强制的

　　compel

　　vt. oblige or force (sb.) to do sth. 强迫;强求

　　passion

　　n. a strong, deep, often uncontrollable feeling 热情;激情

　　gaze

　　vi. look fixedly 注视;凝视

　　princess

　　n. 1. 理想中的女友;心目中追求的女友

　　2. (oft, cap.) a female member of the royal family, usually the daughter of a king or queen or the wife of a prince [常大写]公主;王妃

　　prince

　　n. 1. 少女理想中的未婚者，白马王子

　　2. a male member of the royal family, especially the son of a king or queen 王子;亲王

　　3. (usu. sing.) (among, of) a very great, successful or powerful man of some stated kind [常单数](喻)大王;巨头;名家

　　sharpener

　　n. 卷笔刀;卷笔器

　　campfire

　　n. a wood fire made in the open air by campers 营火，冓火

　　quicken

　　v. (cause to) speed up 加快

　　scheme

　　v. make plans (for); plan in a deceitful way 计划;谋划

　　n. 1. a formal, official or business plan 计划;规划

　　2. a clever, dishonest plan 阴谋，诡计

　　volume

　　n. 1. one of a set of books of the same kind (一套书的)一册;一卷

　　2. (of) 体积;容积

　　encyclop(a)edia

　　n. a book or set of books dealing with a wide range of information presented in alphabetical order 百科全书

　　aardvark

　　n. 土豚，非洲食蚁兽

　　asteroid

　　n. 小行星;海星

　　* henceforth

　　ad. from this time onwards 自此以后

　　hence

　　ad. 1. for this reason, therefore 因此，所以

　　2. from this time on 今后，从此

　　erudition

　　n. learning acquired by reading and study 博学;学问

　　* cafeteria

　　n. a self-service restaurant 自助餐厅

　　anchovy

　　n. 凤尾鱼

　　sigh

　　n. the act or sound of sighing 叹息(声);叹气(声)

　　reliefn. feeling of comfort at the end of anxiety, fear, or pain (焦虑等的)解除;宽慰

　　casually

　　ad. in a relaxed way 随便地;漫不经心地

　　casual

　　a. relaxed; not formal 随便的;漫不经心的;非正式的

　　* sturdy

　　a. physically strong 强壮的

　　seal

　　n. 1. 海豹

　　2. 印记，印章

　　vt. 1. 盖章于

　　2. 封，密封

　　widen

　　v. make or become wider 加宽;变宽

　　* browse

　　v. casually look or search, e.g. in a shop, in a library, at a book, etc., with no specific aim or object in mind 浏览

　　crossword

　　n. (= crossword puzzle) 纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏

　　frown

　　vi. contract the brows, as in displeasure or deep thought 皱眉头

　　* stump

　　vt. put an unanswerable question to; puzzle 把…难住;使为难

　　* oriental

　　a. of, from or concerning Asia 东方的

　　amah

　　n. 阿妈(印度等一些东方国家的奶妈、女佣或保姆)

　　glorious

　　a. having or deserving glory; very delightful and enjoyable 荣耀的;令人愉快的

　　joyous

　　a. full of or causing joy 充满欢乐的;令人高兴的

　　romantic

　　a. 1. (of sth.) beautiful in a way that strongly affects one"s feelings 有浪漫色彩的

　　2. (of sb.) showing strong feelings of love 多情的;浪漫的

　　3. being unrealistic or unpractical 不切实际的

　　* relish

　　vt. get pleasure out of; enjoy greatly 从…获得乐趣;很喜爱

　　confidence

　　n. belief in one"s own or another"s ability 信心

　　mariner

　　n. (obsolete) a sailor 〈废〉水手

　　marine

　　a. 1. of ships and their goods and trade at sea 航海的;海事的

　　2. of, near, living in, or obtained from the sea 海洋的.;海生的;海产的

　　n. 水兵

　　albatross

　　n. 信天翁

　　wingspread

　　n. the distance between the tips of a pair of fully spread wings 翼幅

　　shellfish

　　n. 贝壳类动物

　　shell

　　n. 1. the hard covering of a sea creature, egg, fruit, seed, etc. 动物的壳(如贝壳、蛹壳等)，蛋壳;果壳;荚

　　2. the outside frame of a building (房屋的)框架;骨架

　　appetite

　　n. 1. one"s desire to eat and one"s feeling about how much to eat 食欲，胃口

　　2. (for) a strong desire 欲望;爱好

　　beam

　　vi. shine brightly; smile warmly 照耀;(面)露喜色;满脸堆笑

　　n. 1. 微笑;喜色

　　2. 光束

　　perceive

　　vt. notice; be conscious of 注意到;感觉;察觉

　　* revelation

　　n. the act of revealing sth., usually of great significance 揭示;暴露

　　asthma

　　n. 气喘，哮喘

　　bullfinch

　　n. 红腹灰雀

　　invest

　　vi. put money into sth. with the expectation of profit or other advantage 投资

　　investment

　　n. 1. 投资;投资额

　　2. the spending of (time, energy, etc.) to make sth. successful (时间、精力等的)投入

　　* betray

　　vt. be disloyal or unfaithful to 出卖，背叛

　　* drastic

　　a. strong, violent or severe 激烈的;迅猛的

　　consequence

　　n. (usu. pi.) the result or effect of an action or condition [常复数]结果;后果

　　* incentive

　　n. encouragement to greater activity; motivating factor; stimulus 鼓励;刺激

　　paprika

　　n. 红灯笼辣椒

　　pterodactyl

　　n. 翼手龙

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第1单元课文讲解3

　　out of focus

　　not shar* defined 焦点没对准;模糊的

　　beyond one"s wildest dreams

　　(in a way that is) better than what one expected or hoped for 超过某人所期望的(地);出乎某人意料的(地)

　　the apple of sb."s eye

　　a person or thing that is the main object of sb."s love and attention 某人的掌上明珠;宝贝

　　sweep sb. off his/her feet

　　make sb. feel suddenly and strongly attracted to you in a romantic way 使某人倾心

　　get sth. in

　　manage to say sth. about a subject 设法说完

　　play into sb."s hands

　　do something which gives sb. an advantage 干对某人有利的事

　　file into

　　enter in a single line 鱼贯进入

　　step up

　　(infml) increase the size or speed of 〈口〉加快;增加

　　hang on sb."s words

　　listen very carefully to 倾听;注意地听

　　feed on

　　eat habitually 以…为食物;靠…为生

　　go steady with

　　date sb. regularly and exclusively 仅与(同一异性)经常约会

　　invest in

　　1. buy (sth.) with the expectation of profit or some other kind of advantage 投资于

　　2. (infml) 〈口〉买

　　in time

　　1. eventually 经过一段时间后;最终

　　2. at or before the right or necessary time 及时

　　pore over

　　study or give close attention to 钻研;专心阅读

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